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Shark Week is an annual, week-long TV programming block created by Tom Golden at the Discovery Channel, which features shark-based programming. Shark Week originally premiered on July 17, 1988. Featured annually, in late July and/or early August, it was originally devoted to conservation efforts and correcting misconceptions about sharks. Over time it grew in popularity and became a hit on the Discovery Channel. Since 2010, it has been the longest-running cable television programming event in history. Now broadcast in over 72 countries, Shark Week is promoted heavily via social networks like Facebook and Twitter. Episodes of recent years are also available for purchase on services like Google Play Movies & TV/YouTube, Amazon Video, and iTunes. Some episodes are free on subscription-based Hulu. Since its early days, Shark Week has evolved into more entertainment-oriented and sometimes fictional programming. In recent times, it has attracted much criticism for airing dramatic programs to increase viewers and popularity. This fictitious programming, known as docufiction, has been produced in the last few years. Examples of such programs include ''Megalodon: The Monster Shark Lives'', ''Shark of Darkness: Wrath of Submarine'', ''Monster Hammerhead'', ''Lair of the Mega Shark'', and ''Megaladon: The New Evidence''. This strategy was successful, especially for the program ''Megalodon: The Monster Shark Lives'', as it became one of the most watched programs in Shark Week history, primarily for the controversy and backlash it generated. The mockumentary was based on an ancient giant shark called megalodon, which is now long extinct. The airing of this program fueled an uproar by viewers and by the science and science-loving community. It eventually started a Discovery Channel boycott.〔 Since then Discovery has increasingly come under fire for using junk science, pushing dubious theories, creating fake stories and misleading scientists as to the nature of the documentary being produced.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.npr.org/2014/08/30/344562317/when-wildlife-documentaries-jump-the-shark )〕 On 28 October 2014, Rich Ross became the new president of Discovery. Later in early 2015, he vowed to remove the so-called "docufiction", which are fake and dramatized documentaries, from the future Shark Week lineups. ==Broadcasting== * 1988: The first ever Shark Week premiered in July 1988, with the first show to air being ''Caged in Fear''. A total of 10 episodes aired. Other shows include Sharks - Predators or Prey, The Shark Takes a Siesta, and Sharks of a Different Color. * 1989: Due to the success of the first Shark Week, Discovery decided to continue it. Programs such as Shark: Maneater or Myth?, Shark Hunters of Achill Island, and Sharks of San Francisco aired in 1989. * 1990: New shows that aired include Shark!: The World of Sharks and Barracuda and Sharks: Hunters of the Oceans. * 1991: This year was referred to as ''Shark Week: The Revenge''. Shows to air include Shark Shooters, Sea Lovers, and Great Shark Hunt. * 1992: This year was branded as ''Shark Week: They're Back''. Shows to air include The Man Who Loves Sharks (showcasing scuba diver and underwater producer Stan Waterman), Sharks of Polynesia, Great White Encounters, and Great White! Parts 1 and 2. * 1993: This year was called ''Shark Week: We Dare You to Watch''. The programs to air included African Shark Safari, Sharks on the Brink of Extinction, Teeth of Death, Assignment Adventure, and Sharks of Pirate Island. * 1994: Jaws author Peter Benchley hosted Shark Week 1994. This was the first year ever Shark Week had a host. New programs were introduced at locations where Jaws was filmed. * 1995: Programs to air included Sharks of the Red Triangle, Rendezvous at Ningaloo, and In Search of the Golden Hammerhead (this was the first time this rare shark was aired on television). * 1996: Shows to air include The Ultimate Guide: Sharks, Danger Beach, and Tales of the Tiger Shark, which is the third most watched Shark Week program ever. * 1997: Shark Bites: A Decade of Shark Week aired this year, which was a two-hour special reviewing some of the best moments on Shark Week. * 1998: Show that aired include Prehistoric Sharks, Zambezi Shark, Hammerheads: Nomads of the Sea, and Great White: In Search of the Giants. * 1999: A two-hour special entitled ''Live From a Shark Cage'' aired in 1999, hosted by journalist Forrest Sawyer. It was a live program filmed at Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean. The show also featured cinematographer Al Giddings. * 2000: In 2000, on Discovery Channel aired Shark Week Uncaged presented by famous zoologist Nigel Marven as a host. Six million 3D Pulfrich glasses were distributed to viewers in the United States and Canada for an episode featuring an extinct giant shark, which had 3D segments.〔(Bartless Manufacturer “swims with sharks” in Upcoming 3D Television Event ), 3dglassesonline.com, August 11, 2000.〕 * 2001: Nigel Marven hosted Shark Week for his second time in 2001. Air Jaws: Sharks of South Africa aired in 2001. The program showed Great White sharks near the coast of South Africa jumping high out of the ocean. It was one of the most watched programs in Shark Week history. * 2002: Nigel Marven hosted Shark Week for a third time in 2002. This Shark Week was celebrity themed. Various celebrities swam in the water among sharks. They include Julie Bowen, Mark McGrath, David James Elliott, Adrian Pasdar, Estella Warren, Brian McKnight, Gabrielle Reece and Casper Van Dien. * 2003: There was no host for Shark Week in 2003. It began on August 14. The second most watched show ever in Shark Week history, ''Anatomy of a Shark Bite'', also aired that day. * 2004: Shark Week 2004 was hosted by the ''American Chopper'' cast. It ran from July 25-31. * 2005: In 2005, Adam Savage and Jamie Hyneman from the Discovery Channel series ''MythBusters'' hosted Shark Week, and a two-hour ''MythBusters'' "Jaws Special" was premiered for the event. * 2006: In 2006, Mike Rowe from ''Dirty Jobs'' hosted, and two ''Dirty Jobs'' episodes were featured, titled "Jobs that Bite" and "Jobs that Bite...Harder". Also during the week, the Silver Spring, Maryland headquarters of the Discovery Channel was outfitted to resemble a giant shark.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://washington.cbslocal.com/2012/07/31/return-of-chompie-in-silver-spring-building-marks-25th-anniversary-of-shark-week/ )〕 * 2007: In 2007, Discovery Channel celebrated ''Shark Week's 20th Anniversary'' hosted by Les Stroud, host of ''Survivorman''. The 20th anniversary included the launch of ''Sharkrunners'', a video game that uses GPS data from tagged sharks in the Pacific Ocean. The episode Ocean of Fear aired on July 29. * 2008: Shark Week 2008 ran from July 27 to August 2 and was hosted by both the ''MythBusters'' and Mike Rowe. Both a new MythBusters shark special and a shark-themed episode of ''Dirty Jobs'' premiered for the event. * 2009: 2009's Shark Week began the evening of August 2. The season premiered with Blood in the Water, a recreation of the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916. * 2010: Shark Week 2010, hosted by ''The Late Late Show''s Craig Ferguson, began on August 1 and featured six brand-new shark specials. It was advertised by the second appearance of the giant inflatable shark attached to the Discovery Channel building nicknamed "Chompie".〔 Shark Week 2010 was rated the most viewed Shark Week ever with 30.8 million unique viewers.〔Source: Nielsen Media Research; cume; M-Su 8-11P; LSD P2+; 6-minute qualifier〕 Shark Week is now the longest-running program event on cable. * 2011: Shark Week 2011, hosted by Andy Samberg, began on July 31. It featured seven specials.〔 * 2012: Shark Week 2012, hosted by Philip DeFranco, started August 12, 2012, at 9/8c. After being absent in 2011, "Chompie" the giant shark is once again being displayed on the Discovery Channel Building.〔 To honor the series' 25th anniversary, viewers were encouraged to vote via Twitter or Facebook on which item a mechanical megalodon shark would crush with its hydraulic jaws in the "Shark Week Chompdown". * 2013: Shark Week 2013 began on Sunday, August 4. It began with ''Megalodon: The Monster Shark Lives'', a fictitious documentary-style film which hypothesized the Megalodon shark existing in present times. The program was heavily criticized for promoting bad science and manipulating viewers. 〔Rich Juzwiak, "(Shark Week Opens with Fake Megalodon Documentary )", ''Gawker'', August 5, 2013.〕 Shark Week was heavily promoted by a popular ad in which a news program covers the return of "Snuffy The Seal" to the ocean only to see a shark jump out and devour the seal on camera. Each evening of Shark Week, after new episodes aired, a program called ''Shark After Dark LIVE'' aired, hosted by comedian Josh Wolf and featured comedian Bob Oschack as Bob the Shark. * 2014: Shark Week 2014 began on Sunday, August 10. Fourteen programs aired, and five ''Shark After Dark LIVE'' episodes were shown for the first five days after two new programs each night. Shark Week ended on Saturday, August 16. * 2015: Shark Week 2015 aired a month earlier than the previous year, premiering on Sunday, July 5th at 8/7c. It will last a total of eight days.〔 A total of 14 new episodes will premiere. On June 23, a special titled ''Shark Week Sharktacular'' was aired. It highlighted the best moments in Shark Week history, and previewed Shark Week 2015.〔 Also eight special "Sharkopedia Edition" episodes will air. These are re-cuts of new episodes from this year with extra information given for the viewer. For the third year in a row, five ''Shark After Dark LIVE'' episodes hosted by will premiere on the first five nights. This year, Eli Roth became the new host, replacing former host of two years Josh Wolf.〔 Shark Week will end on Sunday, July 12, with the final new episode starting at 8/7c.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shark Week」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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